Jean-Léon Gérôme (1824-1904)

The Albanian Paintings of the French Orientalist Jean-Léon Gérôme

Die albanischen Gemälde des französischen Orientalisten Jean-Léon Gérôme

Pikturat shqiptare të piktorit francez Xhan-Leon Zheromit

 The French painter Jean-Léon Gérôme (1824-1904) was born in Vesoul and studied in Paris under Paul Delaroche (1797-1856). In 1856, he journeyed to Egypt with his friend, the sculptor Auguste Bartholdi (1834-1904) – who was later to design the Statue of Liberty in New York – and was captivated by the colours and scents of the Orient. This visit was decisive for Gérôme’s subsequent success as an Orientalist painter, and the Albanians played a major role in it. Egypt, which like Albania was part of the Ottoman Empire at the time, was under the rule of the Albanian dynasty founded by Mehmed Ali Pasha (1769-1849), and a sizeable Albanian colony, including many janissary troops, had settled on the banks of the Nile. Gérôme was fascinated by their swagger, the flash of their weapons and their brilliant costumes, in particular by the swirl of their characteristic white Albanian fustanellas. He continued to paint Albanian figures for years thereafter. The following is a selection of some of Léon Gérôme’s Albanian paintings. For further information, the reader may consult Luan Rama’s book Les Albanais de Léon Gérôme / Shqiptarët e Léon Gérôme (Tirana 2016).  Der in Vesoul geborene französische Maler Jean-Léon Gérôme (1824-1904) studierte Malerei in Paris unter Paul Delaroche (1797-1856). Im Jahre 1856 reiste er mit seinem Freund, dem Bildhauer Auguste Bartholdi (1834-1904) – der durch seinen Entwurf für die Freiheitsstatue in New York bekannt wurde – nach Ägypten. Von den Farben und Gerüchen des Morgenlandes war er begeistert. Die Reise hatte einen entscheidenden Einfluss auf Gérômes späteren Erfolg als orientalistischer Maler. Dabei spielten die Albaner eine prägende Rolle. Wie Albanien war auch Ägypten im neunzehnten Jahrhundert Teil des Osmanischen Reiches. Das Land am Nil gehörte zur Herrschaft einer von Mehmet Ali Pascha (1769-1849) gegründeten albanischen Dynastie, und viele Albaner, darunter Elitetruppen der Janitscharen, waren dorthin gezogen. Gérôme war von ihrem stolzen Gang, ihren glänzenden Waffen, und ihren auffallenden Trachten, insbesondere von ihren weißen albanischen fustanellas fasziniert. Bis zu seinem Lebensende malte er mit Vorliebe albanische Figuren. Diese Seite bietet eine Auswahl der albanischen Gemälde des Léon Gérôme. Weitere Bilder und Informationen sind in dem kürzlich erschienenen Buch von Luan Rama: Les Albanais de Léon Gérôme / Shqiptarët e Léon Gérôme (Tirana 2016), zu finden.  Piktori francez Zhan-Leon Zherom [Jean-Léon Gérôme] (1824-1904) lindi në Vesulë [Vesoul] dhe studioi në Paris. Në vitin 1856 ai udhëtoi për në Egjipt me mikun e tij, skulptorin Ogyst Bartoldi [Auguste Bartholdi] (1834-1904) – i cili më vonë u bë me famë si projektuesi i Statujës së Lirisë në Nju Jork – dhe u mahnit nga ngjyrat dhe aromat e Lindjes. Ky udhëtim qe vendimtar për suksesin e mëvonshëm të Zheromit si piktor orientalist, dhe shqiptarët zinin një vend të rëndësishëm në artin e tij. Në shekullin e nëntëmbëdhjetë, Egjipti ishte pjesë e Perandorisë Osmane nën sundimin e  dinastisë shqiptare të themeluar nga Mehmet Ali Pasha (1769-1849). Për këtë arsye, shumë shqiptarë, ndër të cilët shumë anëtarë të trupave të Jeniçerëve, ishin vendosur në brigjet e Nilit. Zheromi ishte i magjepsur nga ecja e tyre krenare, nga shkëlqimi i armëve, dhe nga veshjet e mahnitshme, sidomos nga fustanellat e bardha që mbanin. Deri në fund të jetës vazhdoi të pikturonte figura shqiptare. Kjo faqe i ofron lexuesit një përzgjedhje të pikturave shqiptare të Leon Zheromit. Për informacione të mëtejshme, lexuesi mund të konsultojë edhe librin e Luan Ramës. Shqiptarët e Léon Gérôme / Les Albanais de Léon Gérôme (Tiranë 2016).
Jean-Léon Gérôme, ca. 1860 (photo: Nadar). Jean-Léon Gérôme (l.) and August Bartholdi (r.) in Egypt in 1856 (photo: Musée Bartholdi, Colmar). Jean-Léon Gérôme: Albanian Officer (Officier Arnaoute), 1894. Tanenbaum Collection, Toronto. Jean-Léon Gérôme: Egyptian Recruits Crossing the Desert (Recrues égyptiennes traversant le désert), 1857. Najd Collection, Saudi Arabia. Jean-Léon Gérôme: The Prisoner (Le prisonnier), 1861. Musée des Beaux-Arts, Nantes. Jean-Léon Gérôme: Prayers at the Home of an Albanian Chieftain (La prière chez un chef arnaoute). Najd Collection, Saudi Arabia. Jean-Léon Gérôme: An Albanian Smoking (Arnaoute fumant), also known as a Janissary Smoking, 1868. private collection. Jean-Léon Gérôme: An Albanian and his Dog (Arnaoute et son chien), also known as A Bashi-Bazouk and his Dog, 1865. private collection. Jean-Léon Gérôme: An Albanian in Cairo (Arnaoute du Caire), private collection, USA. Jean-Léon Gérôme: An Albanian in Syria (Arnaoute de Syrie), also known as An Albanian with Two Whippets, (Arnaoute avec deux chiens whippets), 1867. private collection, Greenwich, Connecticut. Jean-Léon Gérôme: Albanian Guard in Cairo (Corps de garde d’Arnaoutes au Caire). Hamburger Kunsthalle, Hamburg. Jean-Léon Gérôme: Draught Players (Joueurs de dames), also known as Albanians Playing Chess (Arnaoutes jouant aux échecs), 1859. Wallace Collection, London. Jean-Léon Gérôme: Draught Players (Jeu d’échecs). Sketch. Wallace Collection, London. Jean-Léon Gérôme: A Joke - An Albanian Blowing Smoke into his Dog’s Nose (Une plaisanterie - Arnaoute fumant au nez d’un chien), 1882. private collection. Jean-Léon Gérôme: Bashi-Bazouk Singing (Bachi-Bouzouk chantant), 1868. Walters Art Museum, Baltimore, Maryland. Jean-Léon Gérôme: Prayers in the Desert, 1864. private collection. Jean-Léon Gérôme: A Bashi-Bazouk Chieftain (Un chef bachi-bouzouk), 1881. Schweitzer Gallery, New York. Jean-Léon Gérôme: A Street in Cairo (Une Rue de Caire), also known as Albanian Patrol in Cairo, 1870. Jean-Léon Gérôme: Markos Botzaris [Alb. Mark Boçari], 1874. Terence Garnett Collection, San Mateo, California. Jean-Léon Gérôme: Old Clothing Merchant Seller in Cairo (Marchand de vieilles vêtements au Caire), 1866. private collection. Jean-Léon Gérôme: A Café in Cairo - Casting Bullets in a Café (Un café au Caire - Fondeur de balles dans un café), 1881. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. Public Prayer in a Mosque (La Prière publique dans une mosquée), 1887. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Catharine Lorillard Wolfe Collection, New York. Jean-Léon Gérôme: Young Greeks at the Mosque, also known as Albanians in Prayer (Arnaoutes en prière), 1865. Jean-Léon Gérôme: Albanian Standing at a Wall (Arnaoute debout près d’un mur). Attributed to Gérôme. private collection. jquery image lightboxby VisualLightBox.com v6.1
Robert Elsie Albanian Art